The Federal Rules of Evidence (“F.R.E.”)
Police reports are generally inadmissible in criminal cases. F.R.E. 803(8); United States v. Oates, 560 F.2d 45 (2d Cir. 1977). This is a civil case, however, so this prohibition will not apply. See Truesdale v. Klich, , 2006 WL 1460043 (N.D.Ill.,2006) (police reports, which recorded first-hand observations of testifying officers, were admissible in civil trial under the public records and reports exception to the hearsay rule); Bolduc v. United States, 265 F.Supp.2d 153 (D.Mass.,2003 (same). The evidence contains hearsay within hearsay. Officer’s police report, a hearsay document, contains Plaintiff’s hearsay statement. Hearsay within hearsay is admissible as long as each embedded hearsay statement falls within one or more hearsay exceptions. F.R.E. 805.
Great find, Malanu. I have to give you due credit. But have a slew of questions about it:
1. Police reports are admissable, but are they
required to be accepted? It seems to me that with this allowance codified, it would either be the judge's discretion,
or something that the prosecutor would have to invoke, to say 'hey, pay attention to this police report, you have to according to ____!'
2. The officer was not at the scene of the crime, as you know, but Mr. Perce walked quite a ways to find him. The report contains the police officer's account that that the guy confessed to him once Mr. Perce found an officer. This is heresay about what the defendant said. How would the defendant's official testimony in court not override heresay evidence from the police? If the report contained direct details of the officer witnessing Mr. Perce being assaulted, I could understand that, but since it's a report about what he said, even if the judge accepted the police report as evidence, it seems to me that the judge is right, that the police report and the defendant's testimony are evenly matched and he has two conflicting testimonies.
3. Isn't it of some concern to allow a police officer both the role of prosecutor and the sole source of proof when it comes to the guilt of the defendant? If the police can press charges and then prove them guilty of those charges with only their sources and no corraboration, then what's the point of the judge? The judge is not just free to exercise his discretion carefully, but obligated to play some part in deciding the verdict so that the police don't become the judge.
So what you saying that the assault didn't happen? If then, that fine. The Muslim guy is free to go if no attack took place. I just don't agree that anyone have any right to assault a person no matter what religion they have, or how offensive it may be to the one with the religion.
No, I'm not saying the assault/harassment didn't happen. -_- I definately don't agree that anyone has a right to assault a person based on being offended.
But you're wrong about one thing. People are punished when they are prosecuted in a court case. It's not that the guy is free to do if he didn't harass anyone. The guy is free to go if nobody can prove to the court that he harassed someone. We cannot be at the scene of every crime, and people are innocent until proven guilty, so the court has to confirm the crime happened.
Anyone with this attitude is a fundamentalist in the sense of "he has attempted to divert thee from thy God" kind of way because any remotely rational religious person would realise the following: Atheists don't proselytise, are as difficult to get into a movement as cats are to herd and do NOT wish to actively stop religious people worshipping if they freely choose to.
Many religions claim that they don't proselytise. When group proselytises, they just think of it as telling the truth. It isn't proselytising unless somebody
else does it. This group mentality of 'us or them' is just as present in the organized, hiarchal athiesm that led to products like 'Parading American Athiests' or the 'The God Delusion'. It may be true that athiests are less prone to it, but it can happen to them to, or we wouldn't have athiests calling others delusional, or parading as zombies of religious figures.